GNSS LODI

The LODI GNSS Network is part of the Integrated seismic and geodetic monitoring of the Cornegliano Laudense gas storage facility system. Geodetic monitoring consists of two components: GNSS time series analysis and interferometric deformation analysis using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Analyses of this second component are integrated with those performed via the GNSS station network to constrain satellite measurements to specific ground points, whose positions are precisely known.
The primary objective of the LODI GNSS Network is to provide information on both the temporal trend of ground deformations and their spatial distribution in the analyzed area, highlighting any changes compared to the deformation scenario prior to subsurface exploitation. The network consists of five stations: the LODI geodetic station, operational since the end of October 2016 and located near "Cluster A" of the Cornegliano Laudense facility, where the seismic station is also located; the CREA, CREM, MIL3 (which will replace MIL2 starting July 2025), and PAVI stations, located in Crema, Cremona, Milan, and Pavia, respectively, and part of the SPIN3 interregional GNSS network (SPIN network, https://www.spingnss.it/). All these reference stations are located within a 30 km radius of LODI and have been operational for over a decade.